This is a real challenge for any EV, including those with heat pump functionality: the world is heating up and according to which fluid is used in the compressor, you have better cooling or heating efficiency (for who may not know: a heat pump is not a separate component, it is the refrigerant circuit used “in reverse” to take heat from low T sources and put it either in the battery or in the cabin).

Climate warming brings manufactures to focus on cooling performance. Most European manufacturers focus more than others on heating efficiency and regulations uncertainty (current refrigerant is to be banned in EU soon) makes this topic complex for the industry.